Omega Weather Radio WMS 16 User Manual

Users Guide  
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WMS-16  
Complete Weather Station  
 
Barometric Pressure  
Barometric pressure is sensed using a piezoresistive sensing  
element. This element responds to changes in barometric  
pressure with a corresponding change in resistance. This  
resistance is converted to a voltage from which the  
microprocessor calculates the barometric pressure at the  
elevation at which the barometer is located.  
Since air pressure varies with elevation, the barometric  
pressure must be set for the elevation at which the barometer  
is installed. This value is set simply using a screwdriver.  
Instructions are provided in the Installation Section of this  
manual.  
Temperature and Relative Humidity  
The WMS-16 is designed to accommodate a combination  
temperature/ relative humidity sensor. For maximum  
accuracy, the sensor should be isolated from the effects of  
sunlight a factor that can cause misleading temperature and  
humidity measurements. The Model WMS-16-THS Naturally  
Aspirated solar shield is provided to give this protection.  
Temperature is sensed using a thermistor element whose  
resistance changes in response to temperature fluctuations.  
Relative humidity is sensed by changes in the dielectric  
constant of a thin polymer film as it absorbs moisture or sheds  
it to the surrounding air.  
Rain  
The rain gauge used with the WMS-16 is a traditional tipping  
bucket design. Resolution is 0.01 inches.  
Using the Data  
Once the weather data generated by the WMS-16 has been  
logged and saved-either within the control module or on an  
external media-it can easily be manipulated by a number of  
commercially available software packages. The format of the  
columnar, coma-delimited data was carefully designed to  
make it compatible with the most widely used spreadsheet  
programs. The data can be imported easily into these programs  
and from there analyzed or manipulated, making the  
information generated by the WMS-16 much more than  
simply a collection of numbers.  
A number of enhancements to the WMS-16 are planned for  
the future that will make the WMS-16 even more responsive  
to your needs. The EEPROM in which the operating firmware  
is stored can be electronically updated to simplify future  
firmware upgrades.  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
2
 
Figure 1  
INSTALLATION  
Installation Considerations  
Installation of the WMS-16 is simple and straight forward,  
thanks to its modular design and terminal-strip connections.  
Figure 1 shows the control module’s rear panel and the  
locations of the various connections. An auxiliary battery can  
be used as an alternative power input if you do not intend to  
use the provided wall transformer.  
Prior to installing the WMS-16, you should be aware of  
several important points that must be taken into consideration  
when choosing a site for the control module and sensors.  
Control Module  
The control module should be located as close as possible to  
the computer that will be used to communicate with the  
WMS-16. RS-232 communications (the communication  
protocol used with the WMS-16) is designed for use over  
short distances, and the cable connecting the control module to  
the computer should not be longer than 30 feet (10 meters).  
Longer lengths may work.  
If this arrangement is not feasible and a longer cable run is  
required, an RS-232 to RS-422 converter can be added to  
allow longer cable runs.  
Barometric Pressure Module  
The Barometric Pressure Module is designed to be mounted  
indoors. This arrangement assumes that the barometric  
pressure indoors and outdoors is equal. The Barometric  
Pressure Module is provided with a short cable that connects  
directly to the control module.  
WM
3
 
Tripod Tower  
RS-232 Interface  
The five foot tripod tower provided for the  
The WMS-16 is an interactive device that not only outputs  
data but is capable of responding to user commands. These  
commands are entered through the computer which also  
displays the current data and any additional data requested by  
the user. Communications between the user and the WMS-16  
is accomplished using RS-232 communications protocol  
designed for short-distance use.  
WMS-16 is constructed of steel tubing for durability and  
strength. Horizontal bracing is a feature of the tripod tower.  
The tower’s foot brackets can be bolted onto a concrete  
foundation or a wooden platform. The wind speed and  
direction sensor mounts on top of the mast. The solar radiation  
shield with 6” mast and coupling are made to clamp on the  
five-foot aluminum mast. The rain gauge mounting arm is  
supplied with a u-bolt to clamp onto this mast. For stability, it  
is recommended that the mast be inserted into both of the  
collar clamps. Guy kits are recommended for areas of high  
winds and ground kits are recommended for areas with  
lightning activity.  
The interface cable that connects the control module to the  
computer is terminated with a sub-miniature “D” connector.  
Depending on the connectors available on your computer’s  
serial port a 25-pin to 9-pin adapter may be required.  
Connect the RS-232 cable between the control module and the  
computer’s serial port. (number 1 or 2)  
Lightning Protection and Grounding  
Certain communications parameters (number of data bits,  
parity, etc.) must be specified in the computer to enable the  
two devices to communicate with one another. They should be  
set as follows:  
Caution: When installing the wind sensor, make sure that the  
sensor and cable are well clear of any power lines.  
A lightning protection ground screw is located on the control  
module’s rear panel. It is the path to ground for all of the  
lightning protection circuitry in the WMS-16. Connect this  
screw to a grounded outlet or water pipe. In areas subject to  
sever lightning activity, we recommend that you install a  
grounding rod.  
Baud rate  
Data Bits  
Stop Bits  
Parity  
9600  
8
1
None  
Xon/Xoff  
Handshaking  
Power Connections  
Under this protocol the computer sends ASCII character DC3  
(19 decimal, 13H) to the WMS-16 to halt its transmission, and  
DC1 (17 decimal, 11H) to resume.  
The WMS-16 can be operated from either standard 110VAC  
outlet, or from an external 12V battery.  
Testing the Connection  
Standard Outlet  
Once the WMS-16 is connected to the computer, the  
connection can be tested by briefly disconnecting and then re-  
connecting the main power at the control module.  
A wall transformer is provided with the unit for operating  
from an 110VAC outlet. An optional wall transformer is  
available for operating from a 220V/50Hz power source. The  
wall transformer provides a nominal 12VDC.  
1. Unplug the wall transformer from the control  
module’s rear panel.  
2. Leave power disconnected for several seconds,  
then plug the power cable in again.  
External Battery Power  
An auxiliary power connection is provided on the rear panel of  
the control module for connecting an external 12VDC battery.  
This battery can be used as the main power source. Remember  
though, that if the auxiliary power connector is used for main  
power, there will be no backup power source. A fully charged  
12V, 7 amp-hour battery will run the WMS-16 for three to  
four days. With the backup battery in place, the WMS-16 will  
continue collecting and logging data during a power outage.  
The WMS-16’s main memory has a lithium battery back up  
and the setup parameters and any stored data will be saved if  
the primary power source is interrupted.  
If the RS-232 connection is sound, an Omega header and/or  
the Software version will appear on the screen (Figure 2).  
Omega WMS-16 Modular Weather Station  
© Omega 2000  
Software Version: 2.3.000102  
Figure 2  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
4
 
5.Temperature  
6.Temperature  
7.Wind Direction WMS-02  
WMS-16T  
WMS-16T  
A5  
A6  
A7  
Sensor Installation  
Install the sensors in their chosen locations, bearing in mind  
the installation considerations noted earlier. Run cables from  
the sensors to the control module location, with no cable  
exceeding the maximum allowable length listed in Table 1.  
Add sensor [A], delete sensor [D], or quit [Q]:  
When the sensors have been installed and the cables run,  
connect and test them as described in the following sections.  
Refer to Figure 1 for connection locations on the control  
module’s terminal strip.  
The instructions in Appendix 1 direct you through the  
enabling procedure for each type of sensor should any sensor  
that you plan to use not be enabled.  
Table 1: Maximum Sensor Cable Lengths  
Wind Speed and Direction  
Wire the wind sensor’s signal cable into the terminal strip on  
the control module’s rear panel as shown in Figure 1. Call up  
the main screen (Figure 3.) on the display terminal by pressing  
“Esc” for main menu. Press “2” for Current Observations at  
the main menu. Then press “1” for observation display  
(Figure 4).  
Turn the Anemometer cups by hand and note the wind speed  
displayed on the screen. This value should change as you spin  
the cups.  
Sensor  
Max. Cable Length  
Wind  
T/RH  
Rain  
Barometer  
Solar Radiation  
250  
250  
900  
10’  
(76m)  
(76m)  
(275m)  
(3m)  
100  
(33m)  
Turn the wind vane so that the tip is aligned with the two  
vertically positioned set screws on the base of the sensor. The  
wind direction shown on the screen should indicate North (0°).  
Turn the vane in increments around the full 360°, noting the  
change in the wind direction readings. These should agree  
with the present position of the vane.  
WMS-16 Module Setup  
The WMS-16 Module has been configured at the Omega  
factory to work with the following sensors:  
© Omega 2000  
Main Menu  
1.Wind speed and Direction  
2.Barometer  
3.Temperature and Relative Humidity  
4.Rain Gauge  
1. Station setup  
2. Current observations  
3. Display log by hours  
4. Display log by days  
5. Data download  
To verify the sensor setup press “Esc” to go to the main menu.  
Then select item 1. Station setup. From the Setup Menu select  
6. Add or remove sensors. Press “Y” to continue. The sensor  
configuration page will appear showing all of the presently  
enabled sensors. It shows the sensor models and calibration  
factors.  
6. Clear logging memory  
Enter your selection (1-6):  
Figure 3 Main Screen  
Omega WMS-16 Modular Weather Station  
© Omega 2000  
Barometric Pressure Module  
Wire the three wires of the barometric pressure module into  
Sensor Configuration  
the terminal strip on the WMS-16 module as shown in Figure  
1.  
Sensor Type  
Model  
Input  
Calibration  
0.0100  
Since pressure varies with elevation, the barometric pressure  
sensor must be adjusted to read correctly at the elevations at  
which it is installed. This is done using the offset adjustment  
screw located on the side of the barometric pressure module.  
1.Wind Speed  
2.Precipitation  
3.Pressure  
WMS-01/02  
All Models  
WMS16-BP  
P1  
P3  
A2  
4.Humidity  
225-050Y(U)/40 A4  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
5
 
While watching the main screen, slowly turn the offset  
adjustment screw. Clockwise will decrease the pressure  
reading. You may have to turn the adjustment 3 to 10  
revolutions before the display starts to change. Turn the pot  
slowly in single turn increments, then wait for the screen to  
update, every five seconds. If the value is moving away from  
the correct value obtained above, turn the screw in the  
opposite direction. Continue turning the screw  
To set barometric pressure offset, for sea level, you must first  
obtain a reliable barometric pressure for your location. The  
barometric pressure range is 28.25 to 30.75. This can be found  
by contacting the nearest airport or weather service facility.  
Nominal barometric pressure is 29.6 inches of mercury.  
Call up the main screen (Figure 4) on the display terminal by  
pressing “Esc” for main menu. Press “2” for Current  
Observations at the main menu. Then press “1” for  
observation display (Figure 4).  
until the displayed value agrees with the value  
obtained from the airport or weather service.  
Station: Omega WMS-16  
01/26/2000 11:07:35  
===============================================================  
WIND SPEED:  
DIRECTION:  
WINDCHILL:  
3.9mph, peak windspeed 7.8mph during past 10 min.  
WNW, 299deg, varying 48deg during past 10 min.  
+52F  
CURRENT TEMPERATURE:  
TODAY'S HIGH/LOW:  
DEW POINT:  
+51.6F, +0.2F change during past hour  
+53F at 09:42, +39F at 07:12  
+45F  
AUX TEMPERATURE:  
+0.0F, +0.0F change during past hour  
SOLAR RADIATION:  
0W/m^2  
BAROMETER:  
TODAY'S HIGH/LOW:  
29.08in, +0.16in change during past 3 hours  
29.08in at 10:54, +28.80in at 00:43  
RELATIVE HUMIDITY:  
PRECIPITATION:  
78%, +4% change during past hour  
Since Last Log:  
Today:  
This Month:  
0.00in  
0.00in  
0.00in  
(Press Esc for main menu)  
Figure 4 WMS-16 Observation Screen  
To simulate a change in temperature and humidity, lean close  
to the sensor (or to the solar shield) and breathe onto the  
sensor until you see a corresponding increase in the displayed  
temperature and humidity values.  
Temperature/Humidity Sensors  
Wire the cable from the Temperature/Humidity sensor into the  
terminal strip on the WMS-16 module as shown in Figure 1.  
Call up the main screen (Figure 3) on the display terminal by  
pressing “Esc” for main menu. Press “2” for Current  
Observations at the main menu. Then press “1” for  
observation display (Figure 4).  
Obtain current values for temperature and humidity from the  
nearest airport or weather service facility, and see that the  
values shown on the main display agree approximately with  
them.  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
6
 
Handshaking  
Xon/Xoff  
Once the main menu is present proceed with the station setup  
procedures as described in the next section.  
Station Setup  
Press “Esc” to get to the main menu. Press “1” at the main  
menu to initiate the Station Setup procedure. This procedure  
allows you to specify certain operational parameters that the  
WMS-16 uses in its calculations and on its display. Run  
Station Setup when using the weather station for the first time.  
After that, ignore it – unless you wish to change one or more  
of the settings.  
When you press “1” at the main menu, the parameters  
available for customizing appear as items 1 through 8.  
Station Name  
1. Type the name of the station.  
2. The station name may be any series of alphanumeric  
characters up to 50 characters long. After the station  
name is entered press “Enter” and select the next  
item.  
Units of Measure  
OPERATION  
Press 2, Units of measure. A warning message will appear  
stating, “ Changing units will cause data to be logged in the  
new units of measure”. You should clear logging memory to  
avoid mixed data values. Do you want to continue? [Y or N]:  
If you want to change units of measure press ”Y” and the  
menu will ask you English or Metric? Select E or M and press  
“Enter”.  
The WMS-16 Weather Station collects and logs data  
automatically, requiring little user input. Ultimate control,  
however, is provided by the interactive user interface, which  
allows the user to direct the WMS-16 to perform certain  
specific functions by choosing one of the six options offered  
on the main menu  
(Figure 3).  
The menu will ask if you are sure you want to delete log file  
[Y or N] if you have changed units then answer “Y” if not  
“N”. and press “ Enter”.  
Software  
The firmware contained in the WMS-16 has all of the  
programs required to use the weather station with a P.C.  
operating in the communications mode (such as  
HyperTerminal in Windows). Communication between the  
WMS-16 and the P.C. is made by connecting the RS-232  
cable to either COMPORT 1 or COMPORT 2. In order to  
facilitate getting started if you are using Windows you may  
open the HyperTerminal program with all of the proper  
communication settings for communicating with the WMS-16.  
PARAMETER  
Speed  
Direction  
Temperature  
Humidity  
Barometer  
Precipitation  
ENGLISH  
Mph  
Deg  
ºF  
%
METRIC  
M/s  
Deg  
ºC  
%
Mb  
Inhg  
inches  
mm  
Table 2  
The communications parameters required to interface the  
WMS-16 to an RS-232 data link are as follows:  
Averaging Period  
Press 3, Averaging period. The averaging period is user  
selectable over the range from 1 minute to 60 minutes. The  
stored data will be the average of the data measured at five-  
second intervals over the user selected averaging period. If the  
Baud rate  
Data Bits  
Stop Bits  
Parity  
9600  
8
1
None  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
7
 
averaging period is less than the logging period the average  
logged will be for a period of time at the end of the logging  
period equal to the averaging period. If the averaging period is  
longer than the logging period then the data stored will be a  
running average that reaches back in to previous logging  
periods.  
Press 6. Add or remove sensors. The menu displays the  
following warning, “You must off-load data before changing  
sensor configuration. Logging memory will be automatically  
cleared if changes are made. Do you want to continue/ [Y or  
N]:”. Enter, “Y” and the Weather Port WMS-16 Station  
Sensor configuration will appear. If all of the sensors that you  
intend to use are shown as being configured then press “Q”  
and “Enter”. If you wish to add or delete a sensor then Press  
“A”: for add or “D” for delete and follow the instructions  
presented on the menu.  
Enter the number of minutes desired and press “Enter”.  
Logging Period  
Press 4. Logging Period. The menu will ask you to enter a  
number between 1 and 60 minutes. Enter your selection and  
press, “enter”.  
Power Outage Warning  
The number of days of data that can be stored in the memory  
is a function of the logging period, the magnitude of the data  
reported and the number of sensors activated. With the  
standard complement of sensors (wind speed, wind direction,  
temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure and  
precipitation) the memory will fill in about 45 days if the  
logging period is fifteen minutes. Once the memory is full it  
“wraps” that is it continuously over-writes the oldest data in  
the memory with new data.  
The data entered using the Station Setup procedure is  
automatically stored in the system’s memory. The data will  
remain in tact even if there is a power outage. All data  
collected will also remain in tact if there is a power outage.  
However, the system will not report or log data during periods  
of power outage. When reviewing data logs, gaps in the store  
data can be attributed to power outages.  
Current Observations  
Press “2” at the main menu to access the most frequently used  
screens. These are the current observations screens, and they  
are shown in Figure 4 (Main Text Display Screen) and Figure  
7 (Row and Column Display Screen). The current  
Date & Time  
Press 5, Date & Time. The menu will direct you to enter the  
current date in the following format:  
observations screens show the values currently being  
[MM/DD/YYYY]. When the proper date has been entered  
press, “Enter”. The menu will direct you to enter the current  
time in 24 hour format [HH:MM]. When the proper time has  
been entered press, “Enter”.  
measured by the station’s sensors. These values are updated  
every five seconds and provide a running record of weather  
conditions. The topmost line on the line on the Main Text  
Display Screen shows the station name, current date, and time.  
Add or Remove Sensors  
Display Format Menu  
1. Observation display  
2. Row and column display  
3. RTU output message  
4. Return to main menu  
Enter your selection [1 – 4]: 2  
Please wait 5 seconds for next display  
01/26/2000,  
01/26/2000,  
01/26/2000,  
01/26/2000,  
01/26/2000,  
01/26/2000,  
01/26/2000,  
11:08:00,  
11:08:05,  
11:08:10,  
11:08:15,  
11:08:20,  
11:08:25,  
11:08:30,  
3.90,  
4.50,  
2.40,  
5.40,  
6.00,  
3.30,  
4.20,  
0.00,  
0.00,  
0.00,  
0.00,  
0.00,  
0.00,  
0.00,  
29.07,  
29.07,  
29.07,  
29.07,  
29.07,  
29.07,  
29.06,  
78.85,  
78.42,  
78.00,  
77.09,  
77.24,  
77.73,  
77.31,  
51.52,  
51.52,  
51.52,  
51.49,  
51.46,  
51.46,  
51.43,  
301.99  
264.46  
260.95  
297.86  
334.95  
299.36  
266.13  
(Dir)  
(Wind Speed)  
(Rain) (Barometer) (Temp) (R/Humid)  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
8
 
Figure 7 Row and Column Presentation of Current Data  
you wish to view more than a full day’s data, or fractions of  
days (two-and-a-half days), chose the selection, “4” Display  
Log by Days, retrieves data in daily blocks with a minimum  
retrievable block of one full day’s data.  
After selecting “3” from the main menu, specify the number of  
hours of data to be retrieved.  
The data will be displayed in the format shown in Figure 8.  
The data is organized as follows:  
The top line shows date and time at the right  
margin.  
The weather data is organized into columns,  
with an abbreviation for each parameter and  
the units of measure used (selected through  
the setup menu) shown at the top of the  
column.  
TIME- The time at which the data was  
logged; this time is based on the time that  
was set through the setup procedure (see  
Station Setup): in military time (24-hour  
clock).  
Weather Trends  
The current observations text screen displays several weather  
features in addition to the current sensor readings. These  
values show the extent to which the measured parameters have  
varied over an extended period:  
WS- Wind speed: in miles per hour or  
meters per second.  
WD- Wind direction in degrees.  
PK- Peak wind speed: in miles per hour or  
meters per second. This is the highest wind  
speed measured over any two second  
interval.  
BP- Barometric pressure: in inches of  
mercury or millibars. This is the average  
pressure measured during the logging  
period.  
T1- Temperature measured by the  
temperature/RH probe: in degrees  
Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius.  
RH- relative humidity measured by the  
temperature/RH probe: in percent  
T2- Temperature measured by an auxiliary  
probe (if used); in degrees Fahrenheit or  
degrees Celsius.  
Peak wind speed, with the highest value  
recorded during the past 10 minutes  
displayed  
The high and low temperatures for the day  
(based on measurements taken since 12  
midnight), and the changes in temperature in  
the past hour.  
The high and low barometric pressure for  
the day (based on measurements taken since  
12 midnight), and the change in barometric  
pressure over the past three hours.  
The change in relative humidity over the  
past hour.  
Three values for precipitation accumulation,  
with totals for the past logging period, for  
the current day (rainfall since 12 mid-night),  
and for the current month (rainfall since the  
first of the month, according to the date set  
through the Station Setup procedure.  
Caution; If power is interrupted the stored  
trend values, will be cleaned, and reset to the  
current, starting day & time. All three  
precipitation totals will go to 00.00 and  
today’s hi/low will become the current  
temperature.  
SR- Solar radiation; in watts per square  
meter.  
RF- Precipitation (rainfall) accumulated  
during the logging period: in inches or  
millimeters.  
The logging interval is selected by the user. The range is one  
minute to sixty minutes. A maximum of 18 records can be  
displayed on a single screen, so if more than 18 periods were  
requested the data will be continued on subsequent screens.  
Display Log By Hours  
To view the next screen, simply press the  
space bar. Each successive screen may be  
viewed by pressing the space bar. You may  
Press “3”, at the main menu to view the WMS-16’s stored data  
and to specify the amount of data to be retrieved in hours. If  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
9
 
not, hover, return to a previous screen, you  
must return to the main menu and begin the  
retrieval procedure anew.  
If you want to further manipulate or obtain a printed copy  
follow the procedure described in the Data Download section  
below.  
Enter number of hours to view: 1  
DATE TIME  
M/D H:M  
WS  
mph  
PK  
WD  
T1  
F
T2  
F
RH BP  
RF  
SR  
W/m^2  
mph deg  
%
inHg in  
=============================================================================  
02/01 15:18  
02/01 15:19  
02/01 15:20  
02/01 15:21  
02/01 15:22  
02/01 15:23  
02/01 15:24  
02/01 15:25  
02/01 15:26  
02/01 15:27  
02/01 15:28  
02/01 15:29  
02/01 15:30  
02/01 15:31  
02/01 15:32  
02/01 15:33  
02/01 15:34  
02/01 15:35  
0.7  
0.1  
1.9  
1.9  
1.8  
2.6  
2.0  
1.8  
2.3  
2.0  
2.4  
4.2  
1.6  
2.9  
2.1  
3.1  
3.8  
2.3  
2.1 318 +57.2  
0.6 329 +57.2  
3.2 323 +57.2  
3.6 283 +57.2  
3.6 284 +57.2  
4.5 320 +57.2  
3.0 317 +57.2  
2.7 312 +57.2  
3.6 320 +57.1  
3.0 309 +57.1  
4.5 304 +57.1  
5.4 296 +57.1  
3.2 284 +57.1  
4.5 292 +57.1  
4.2 266 +57.2  
4.2 292 +57.2  
5.1 267 +57.2  
4.5 282 +57.2  
+0.0 56 29.32 0.00  
+0.0 56 29.32 0.00  
+0.0 57 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 59 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 59 29.32 0.00  
+0.0 59 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 59 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 59 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 59 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 60 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 60 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 60 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 61 29.32 0.00  
+0.0 61 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 61 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 62 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 61 29.31 0.00  
+0.0 62 29.32 0.00  
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Press any key to continue or Esc key to exit:  
Figure 8 Data Log Display  
Press”4” at the main menu.  
Enter the number of days to be retrieved  
(any number from 1 to 100).  
Display Log by Days  
The first 18 data records will be displayed in  
the format shown. A maximum of 18  
records can be displayed on a single screen,  
so the remaining data must be continued on  
succeeding screens.  
To view the next screen, simply press the  
space bar. Each successive screen may be  
viewed by pressing the space bar. You may  
not, however, return to a previous screen,  
you must return to the main menu and begin  
the retrieval procedure anew.  
This procedure is identical to the Display Log by Hours option  
with the exception that data is retrieved in multiples of one  
day.  
This displayed data is in the same format as the logged data  
retrieved by hours. See Figure 8 and the preceding section,  
Display Log by Hours, for a detailed explanation of the data  
format.  
To display logged data sorted by days:  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
10  
 
Now going to the top of the HyperTerminal  
screen click on “Transfer”.  
Click on “Receive File”; make sure the  
protocol is XMODEM; enter the directory  
and folder name where you want to store the  
data.  
Click on “Receive” and enter the file name,  
e.g. weather01.  
Click on “OK’’ and download will start.  
If you want to further manipulate or obtain a printed copy  
follow the procedure described in the Data Download section  
below.  
Data Download  
Selection “5” on the main menu “Data download” – allows  
you to save a permanent record of the WMS-16’s stored data.  
The data retrieval procedure is dependent on the  
communications software program used. Using Microsoft  
HyperTerminal, saving the program to disk is accomplished as  
follows:  
Transfer time from a full memory may take up to eleven  
minutes due to the error checking and the de-convolution of  
the binary data to ASCII format. The down loaded file can be  
entered into a spreadsheet or word processing program for  
viewing or manipulating.  
Press “5” at the main menu.  
Then press “Y”  
Note that the total contents of the memory is downloaded each  
time the Memory Download procedure is invoked. The data  
transfer is a nondestructive readout. The format of downloaded  
data is shown in Figure 9.  
Omega Base Station  
DATE TIME WS  
PK  
RF  
BP  
RH  
TP  
TP  
WD  
17 Feb 17:53 0.25  
1.5  
0
0
0
28.96 79.25 48.06 70.94 318.69  
28.96 79.31 48.06 70.88 314.62  
17 Feb. 17:54  
0
Figure 9 WMS-16 Data Download  
When the memory is erased, the WMS-16 returns to the  
current observations screen and data logging resumes  
Clear Logging Memory  
The final selection on the main menu lets you erase the stored  
data from the WMS-16’s memory and begin logging fresh  
data.  
Once the WMS-16’s available memory is filled with data,  
incoming records will replace the oldest stored data, and that  
data will be erased. The CLEAR LOGGING MEMORY  
option, on the other hand allows you to clear the entire  
memory.  
Remember: once the memory is cleared, the data cannot be  
retrieved (unless it has been copied to a disk using the DATA  
DOWNLOAD option).  
To clear the logging memory:  
Press “9” at the main menu (CLEAR LOGGING MEMORY).  
The following message appears: Are you sure you want to  
delete log file [Y or N]:  
If you want to continue, type “Y”.  
The following message will appear: Erasing Data Memory.  
Please wait.  
11  
 
Enter the type of alarm function you wish to use Exclusive  
(Alarm switch is closed when the reported sensor value is  
outside of the low and high values selected.) or Inclusive  
(Alarm switch is closed when the reported sensor value is  
between the low and high values selected.).  
Enter Output: A1 [1] or A2 [2].  
Enter low threshold.  
Enter high threshold.  
Enter on delay in seconds [0-1200]. It is the time that the  
sensor value is in the alarm condition before the alarm switch  
activates.  
Enter off delay in seconds [0-1200]. It is the time that the  
alarm switch drops out of the alarm condition before the alarm  
switch deactivates.  
After entering this information the Setup menu reappears and  
to add additional alarms the process must be repeated.  
Part B: Interfacing to the Alarm Circuit  
An intermediate relay is recommended as the alarm interface  
to the device being controlled by the alarm. The intermediate  
relay provides isolation from any voltage or current spikes that  
might be associated with the device being controlled, e.g. a  
pump motor starting. Further, it is possible to use a  
programmable time relay in order to insure that the alarm does  
not go into a dithering state. A typical implementation is  
shown in Figure 11.  
ALARMS  
There are six user programmable alarms on the WMS-16.  
They can be assigned to either of two alarm switches.  
(ALARM 1 and ALARM 2) which provide a switched  
connection to ground. Electrical connection is made to the  
terminal strip at the positions labeled ALARM 1 and ALARM  
2. The maximum current sinking capability of these switches  
is 2amps.  
Figure 14 Alarm Setup  
SETTING UP THE ALARMS  
Part A: Selecting the Sensor to be alarmed and the Alarm  
Thresholds and the On and Off Delays for each Alarm  
Interfacing the WMS-16 with a  
Telephone Modem  
Press ENTER to get to the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SETUP  
From the STATION SETUP menu press number 7. ENTER  
ALARM THRESHOLDS.  
Select ADD, DELETE or QUIT. If you select Add, the next  
menu will display the list of sensors that are currently  
activated.  
The WMS-16 has a modem compatible firmware, which  
makes it possible to connect a standard telephone modem,  
with a speed capability of at least 9600 baud, between the  
WMS-16 and a telephone line so that the WMS-16 can be  
accessed remotely via telephone from a computer.  
The serial cable from the WMS-16 is plugged into the modem.  
The modem at the WMS-16 is configured for auto answer and  
To add an alarm, enter the sensor number.  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
12  
 
to always have DCD on. The modem is then plugged into a  
telephone line and it is ready to be called from a remote  
location.  
In order to call the WMS-16 from a remote computer the  
computer needs to have a communications program such as  
HyperTerminal or Procom. The communications parameters  
for the communications program are ASI, 9600, 8-N-1.  
When the computer calls the WMS-16, the WMS-16’s modem  
will go off-hook and the WMS-16, will begin transmitting to  
the remote computer. All of the WMS-16’s functions are  
available from the remote computer. This includes observing  
real time data, looking at the hourly or daily logs, down  
loading data, and changing setup parameters such as logging  
period.  
APPENDIX 1  
WMS-16  
The WMS-16 is configured at the factory for the sensors it is shipped with. The following  
information is provided to aide the user to make changes in the as delivered setup.  
Instructions for setting up the WMS-16 with the following sensors.  
Wind Speed and Direction  
Connect the wind sensor=s signal cable to the terminal strip on the back of the control module. This sensor has  
a four conductor shielded cable. The RED wire is connected to the +5 REF terminal; The BLACK wire is  
connected to a GROUND terminal; the GREEN wire (wind direction signal) is connected to the A7 terminal  
and the WHITE wire (wind speed signal) is connected to the P1 terminal. The WMS-16 is now ready for wind  
speed and wind direction initializing.  
INITIALIZATION OF WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION SENSORS  
Press EXC to get the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SET UP.  
From the Station Set Up menu press number 6. ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS. Then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Types Menu select 2. WIND SPEED.  
From the Wind Speed Sensors Menu select 1. (WS-01/02). Then press ENTER.  
From the Sensor Input Channel select number 1, P1 (Pulse Counter). Then press ENTER.  
The Sensor configuration screen is displayed and it will show:  
13  
 
Sensor type  
Wind Speed  
Model  
Input  
P1  
Calibration  
WS-01/02  
If you intend to add another sensor select A. If you do not want to add another sensor select Q.  
You will be asked if you are sure that you want to erase memory. If you have added or deleted a sensor select Y  
if not select N and press ENTER.  
To initialize the Wind Direction sensor Press EXC to get the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SET UP Then press ENTER  
From the Station Set up menu press number 6. ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS. Then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Type Menu select number 3. Wind Direction. Then press ENTER  
From the Wind Direction Sensor menu select number 1. (WS-02) then press ENTER.  
From the Sensor Input Channel menu select number 11. ANALOG INPUT A7. Then Press ENTER.  
The Sensor Configuration menu appears and it will show:  
Sensor type  
Model  
Input  
Calibration  
Wind Speed  
Wind Direction  
WS-01/02  
WS-02  
P1  
A7  
Temperature (thermistor) and Relative Humidity (capacitive sensor)  
Installation  
Connect the combination temperature and relative humidity sensor=s cable to the terminal strip on the back of  
the control module. This sensor has a five conductor cable. The RED wire is connected to the +12 REF  
terminal. The BLACK wire is connected to a GROUND terminal. The BROWN wire (humidity signal) is  
connected to the A4 terminal. The WHITE (temperature signal) is connected to the A6 terminal and the GREEN  
wire is connected to a GROUND terminal.  
INITIALIZATION OF TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY  
INITIALIZATION OF THE AUXILIARY TEMPERATURE SENSOR.  
Press EXC to get the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SET UP.  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
14  
 
From the Station Set Up menu press number 6. ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS. Then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Type Menu select number 4. Temperature. Then press  
ENTER.  
From the Temperature Sensors Menu select number 1. (WMS-16T). Then press ENTER.  
The menu then asks: Enter temperature offset or press Q to quit. Press Q.  
From the Sensor Input Channel Menu select number 9. A5. Then press ENTER.  
If you intend to add another sensor select A.  
If you do not want to add another sensor select Q.  
You will be asked if you are sure that you want to erase memory. If you have added or deleted a sensor select Y  
if not select N and press ENTER.  
If you selected AA@to add the Relative Humidity Sensor then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Types menu select 5. (Humidity)  
From the Humidity Sensors menu select 1. (25500504(U)/40). Then press ENTER  
From the Sensor Input Channel select 8. (A4). Then press ENTER  
The Sensor Configuration menu appears and it will show:  
Sensor type  
Humidity  
Temperature  
Model  
WMS-16-PN  
WMS-16T  
Input  
A4  
A5  
Calibration  
If you intend to add another sensor select A. If you do not want to add another sensor select Q.  
You will be asked if you are sure that you want to erase memory. If you have added or deleted a sensor select Y  
if not select N and press ENTER.  
Barometric Pressure Installation  
Connect the barometer cable to the terminal strip on the back of the control module. This sensor has a three  
conductor cable. The RED wire is connected to a +12V terminal. The BLACK wire is connected to a GROUND  
terminal and the GREEN wire is connected to terminal A2.  
INITIALIZATION OF THE BAROMETER  
Press EXC to get the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SETUP.  
15  
 
From the Station Set Up menu press number 6. ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS. Then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Type menu select number 6. (Pressure). Then press ENTER.  
From the Pressure Sensors menu select number 1. (WMS-16BP). Then press ENTER.  
The menu asks: Enter pressure offset or press Q to quit. Press Q.  
Pressure  
WMS-16BP  
A2  
If you intend to add another sensor select A. If you do not want to add another sensor select Q.  
You will be asked if you are sure that you want to erase memory. If you have added or deleted a sensor select Y  
if not select N and press ENTER.  
Rain Gauge Installation  
Connect the rain gauge cable to the terminal strip on the back of the control module. This sensor has a two  
conductor cable. Connect one conductor to a GROUND terminal and the other conductor to terminal P3.  
INITIALIZATION OF THE RAIN GAUGE  
Press EXC to get the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SETUP.  
From the Station Set Up menu press number 6. ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS. Then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Type menu select 7. (Precipitation).  
From the Precipitation menu select 1. (All models). Then press ENTER.  
From the Sensor Input Channel select 3. (Pulse Counter 3). Then press ENTER.  
The screen directs you to: Enter tip resolution or press [Q] to quit. Press 0.01. For metric use 0.254. Then press  
ENTER.  
The Sensor Configuration menu appears and it will show:  
Sensor type  
Precipitation  
Model  
All models  
Input  
P3  
Calibration  
0.01  
Changing units on the SETUP menu will not change the reported value for rainfall. That change must be made  
from the ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS menu.  
Installation of Auxiliary Temperature Sensor  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
16  
 
The auxiliary temperature sensor is a thermistor attached to a two conductor cable. Connect one conductor to  
A5 terminal and the other conductor to a GROUND terminal.  
INITIALIZATION OF THE AUXILIARY TEMPERATURE SENSOR.  
Press EXC to get the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SET UP.  
From the Station Set Up menu press number 6. ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS. Then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Type Menu select number 4. Temperature. Then press  
ENTER.  
From the Temperature Sensors Menu select number 1. (WMS-16T). Then press ENTER.  
The menu then asks: Enter temperature offset or press Q to quit. Press Q.  
From the Sensor Input Channel Menu select number A6. Then press ENTER.  
If you intend to add another sensor select A.  
If you do not want to add another sensor select Q.  
You will be asked if you are sure that you want to erase memory. If you have added or deleted a sensor select Y  
if not select N and press ENTER.  
Installation of Solar Radiation Sensor  
Connect the solar radiation sensor to the terminal strip on the back of the control module. This sensor has a two  
wire cable. Attach the WHITE conductor to the A1 terminal and the BLACK conductor to a GROUND  
terminal.  
INITIALIZATION OF THE SOLAR RADIATION SENSOR  
Press EXC to get the MAIN MENU.  
From the MAIN MENU press number 1. STATION SETUP.  
From the Station Set Up menu press number 6. ADD OR REMOVE SENSORS. Then press Y, then ENTER.  
From the Sensor Type menu select number 8. Solar Radiation. Then press ENTER.  
From the Solar Radiation menu select number 1. Model 240-140. Then press ENTER.  
Next enter the calibration factor from the calibration sheet, which was supplied with the sensor.  
Then press ENTER.  
17  
 
Then select Channel A2.  
The Sensor Configuration menu appears and it will show:  
Accuracy: ± 1°F  
SPECIFICATIONS  
DATA ACQUISITION MODULE  
Reporting Units: English or Metric, all measurements  
Operating Power: 10-16 Vdc  
RELATIVE HUMIDITY  
Range: 0-100% RH  
Accuracy: ± 3% midscale, ± 6% @ 20% & 90% RH  
Power Consumption: 60 mA maximum  
Serial Port: 9-pin d-sub connector, selectable baud rate, flow  
control  
Memory: 128KB RAM, non-volatile (45 days at 15 minute  
intervals with 6 sensors)  
RAIN GAUGE  
Resolution: 0/01"/tip  
Accuracy: ± 2% up to 3"/hour  
Max Rate: Unlimited  
SOLAR RADIATION (Optional)  
OPERATING TEMPERATURE  
Transducers: -40° to 140°F (-40° to 60°C)  
Data Acquisition Module –40° to 140°F (-40° to 60°C)  
Sensor: Photodiode detector  
Spectral Response: .4 to 1.1 microns  
Sensitivity: 100mV / 1000w/m² approx  
Accuracy: ± 5%  
TIMEKEEPING  
Format: MM/DD and HH:MM  
Accuracy: ± 30 seconds/month  
ORDERING INFORMATION  
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE  
Range: 28.25 to 30.75 inches Hg  
WMS-16  
Modular Weather Station  
Measurement Span: 2,50 inches Hg (85 hpa)  
Resolution: ±0.01 inch Hg or ±0.3 hpa  
Altitude Offset: 0 to +10,000 feet, screwdriver adjustable  
includes the following components:  
Data Acquisition Module, includes DOS  
Software diskette, serial & aux battery  
cables  
WMS-16D  
WMS-16P  
115 VAC Power Supply  
WIND SPEED  
Range: 0 to 125 mph (0-57 m/s)  
Resolution: >0.1 mph  
Accuracy: ± 3% for sustained 2 second average  
Starting Threshold:  
WMS-16-2E: 1.2 mph  
WMS-16-5E: 0.5 mph  
Time Constant: 2 seconds  
WMS-16-2E  
WMS-16TH  
Wind Speed/Direction Sensor, 40” cable  
outdoor Temperature & relative Humidity  
Sensor, 40’ Cable  
Solar Radiation Shield for temp/rh sensor  
Barometric Pressure Sensor, 18” Cable  
(Note; sensor always to be near base unit)  
Rain Gauge, includes mounting arm &  
40'Cable  
WMS-16THS  
WMS-16BP  
WMS-16RC  
WMS-16TM  
5' Tripod & 5’Sensor Mast (8' total)  
WIND DIRECTION  
Range: 0-360°  
Resolution: > 1%  
Accuracy: ± 3%  
WMS-16EPA High Sensitivity Modular Weather  
Station  
same as above but with:  
WMS-16-5E  
High Sensitivity Wind Sensor, 40' Cable  
TEMPERATURE  
Range: -40° to +140°F Resolution: > .1°F  
WMS-16 Weather Station Operator’s Manual  
18  
 
Options:  
WMS-16SR  
WMS-16T  
Solar Radiation Sensor, includes mounting  
arm and 40' cable  
Auxiliary Air Temperature Sensor, 40’  
Cable  
WMS-16TWS Water or Soil Temperature Sensor, 40’  
Cable  
RG-2501/40  
WMS-16PE  
Tipping Bucket Rain Gauge, 40’ Cable  
Power Supply 220 VAC  
WMS-ENCL-16A NEMA-4X Enclosure Assembly, includes  
mounting brackets, 12V 7AH battery and 10 watt  
solar panel battery charger  
WMS-ENCL-16B NEMA-4X Enclosure Assembly, includes  
mounting brackets, 12V 7AH battery and  
110Vac/60Hz battery charger  
WMS-16MAC  
WMS-16MDC  
WMS-16STR  
Telephone Modem AC Powered  
Telephone Modem DC Powered  
Software, Windows Graphical  
19  
 
Where Do I Find Everything I Need for  
Process Measurement and Control?  
OMEGA…Of Course!  
TEMPERATURE  
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
Thermocouple, RTD & Thermistor Probes, Connectors, Panels & Assemblies  
Wire: Thermocouple, RTD & Thermistor  
Calibrators & Ice Point References  
Recorders, Controllers & Process Monitors  
Infrared Pyrometers  
PRESSURE, STRAIN AND FORCE  
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
Transducers & Strain Gages  
Load Cells & Pressure Gages  
Displacement Transducers  
Instrumentation & Accessories  
FLOW/LEVEL  
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
Rotameters, Gas Mass Flowmeters & Flow Computers  
Air Velocity Indicators  
Turbine/Paddlewheel Systems  
Totalizers & Batch Controllers  
pH/CONDUCTIVITY  
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
pH Electrodes, Testers & Accessories  
Benchtop/Laboratory Meters  
Controllers, Calibrators, Simulators & Pumps  
Industrial pH & Conductivity Equipment  
DATA ACQUISITION  
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
Data Acquisition & Engineering Software  
Communications-Based Acquisition Systems  
Plug-in Cards for Apple, IBM & Compatibles  
Datalogging Systems  
Recorders, Printers & Plotters  
HEATERS  
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
Heating Cable  
Cartridge & Strip Heaters  
Immersion & Band Heaters  
Flexible Heaters  
Laboratory Heaters  
ENVIRONMENTAL  
MONITORING AND CONTROL  
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
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ߜ
 
ߜ
 
ߜ
 
Metering & Control Instrumentation  
Refractometers  
Pumps & Tubing  
Air, Soil & Water Monitors  
Industrial Water & Wastewater Treatment  
pH, Conductivity & Dissolved Oxygen Instruments  
M3749/1001  
 
®
omega.com  
®
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®
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It is the policy of OMEGA to comply with all worldwide safety and EMC/EMI regulations that  
apply. OMEGA is constantly pursuing certification of its products to the European New Approach  
Directives. OMEGA will add the CE mark to every appropriate device upon certification.  
The information contained in this document is believed to be correct, but OMEGA Engineering, Inc. accepts  
no liability for any errors it contains, and reserves the right to alter specifications without notice.  
WARNING: These products are not designed for use in, and should not be used for, patient-connected applications.  
 
MADE  
IN  
USA  
WARRANTY/DISCLAIMER  
OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. warrants this unit to be free of defects in materials and workmanship for a  
period of 13 months from date of purchase. OMEGA’s WARRANTY adds an additional one (1) month  
grace period to the normal one (1) year product warranty to cover handling and shipping time. This  
ensures that OMEGA’s customers receive maximum coverage on each product.  
If the unit malfunctions, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation. OMEGA’s Customer Service  
Department will issue an Authorized Return (AR) number immediately upon phone or written request.  
Upon examination by OMEGA, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be repaired or replaced at no  
charge. OMEGA’s WARRANTY does not apply to defects resulting from any action of the purchaser,  
including but not limited to mishandling, improper interfacing, operation outside of design limits,  
improper repair, or unauthorized modification. This WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of  
having been tampered with or shows evidence of having been damaged as a result of excessive corrosion;  
or current, heat, moisture or vibration; improper specification; misapplication; misuse or other operating  
conditions outside of OMEGA’s control. Components which wear are not warranted, including but not  
limited to contact points, fuses, and triacs.  
OMEGA is pleased to offer suggestions on the use of its various products. However,  
OMEGA neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors nor assumes liability for any  
damages that result from the use of its products in accordance with information provided by  
OMEGA, either verbal or written. OMEGA warrants only that the parts manufactured by it will be  
as specified and free of defects. OMEGA MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR  
REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, EXCEPT THAT OF TITLE,  
AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND  
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED. LIMITATION OF  
LIABILITY: The remedies of purchaser set forth herein are exclusive, and the total liability of  
OMEGA with respect to this order, whether based on contract, warranty, negligence,  
indemnification, strict liability or otherwise, shall not exceed the purchase price of the  
component upon which liability is based. In no event shall OMEGA be liable for  
consequential, incidental or special damages.  
CONDITIONS: Equipment sold by OMEGA is not intended to be used, nor shall it be used: (1) as a “Basic  
Component” under 10 CFR 21 (NRC), used in or with any nuclear installation or activity; or (2) in medical  
applications or used on humans. Should any Product(s) be used in or with any nuclear installation or  
activity, medical application, used on humans, or misused in any way, OMEGA assumes no responsibility  
as set forth in our basic WARRANTY/DISCLAIMER language, and, additionally, purchaser will indemnify  
OMEGA and hold OMEGA harmless from any liability or damage whatsoever arising out of the use of the  
Product(s) in such a manner.  
RETURN REQUESTS/INQUIRIES  
Direct all warranty and repair requests/inquiries to the OMEGA Customer Service Department. BEFORE  
RETURNING ANY PRODUCT(S) TO OMEGA, PURCHASER MUST OBTAIN AN AUTHORIZED RETURN  
(AR) NUMBER FROM OMEGAS CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT (IN ORDER TO AVOID  
PROCESSING DELAYS). The assigned AR number should then be marked on the outside of the return  
package and on any correspondence.  
The purchaser is responsible for shipping charges, freight, insurance and proper packaging to prevent  
breakage in transit.  
FOR WARRANTY RETURNS, please have the  
following information available BEFORE  
contacting OMEGA:  
FOR NON-WARRANTY REPAIRS, consult OMEGA  
for current repair charges. Have the following  
information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA:  
1. Purchase Order number under which the product  
was PURCHASED,  
1. Purchase Order number to cover the COST  
of the repair,  
2. Model and serial number of the product under  
warranty, and  
3. Repair instructions and/or specific problems  
relative to the product.  
2. Model and serial number of the product, and  
3. Repair instructions and/or specific problems  
relative to the product.  
OMEGA’s policy is to make running changes, not model changes, whenever an improvement is possible. This affords  
our customers the latest in technology and engineering.  
OMEGA is a registered trademark of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.  
© Copyright 2001 OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC. All rights reserved. This document may not be copied, photocopied,  
reproduced, translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine-readable form, in whole or in part, without the  
prior written consent of OMEGA ENGINEERING, INC.  
 

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